BIOL 103L:  BIOLOGY OF ADDICTION LABORATORY
In this course, we will examine the anatomy and physiology of organ systems affected by alcohol and other psychoactive drugs of abuse.  We will use fruit flies as a model to determine the effects of alcohol on their physiology and reproductive success.  We will conduct two experiments on human volunteers: Effects of caffeine on the cardiovascular system; and the effects of ethanol on balance, equilibrium, and judgement.  With the laboratory component, this course fulfills university graduation requirements for a science course.  Offered in the Spring semester.  Professor: Dr. Stan Eisen
Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 103. One semester; one credit, 

BIOL 107. ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY. 
An interdisciplinary approach to the study of the environment. The course provides the scientific basis for understanding how environmental systems work. Topics include discussion of the economic impact and consequences of the disruptions of natural systems; the importance of public policy; and how environmental issues are linked to our everyday life. Designed for non-majors. Corequisite: BIOL 107L. Offered in the Fall semester.  Professor:  Dr. Katie Sauser
One semester; three credits.

BIOL 107L. ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY LABORATORY. 
A combination of laboratory experiences and field trips to illustrate the principles covered in BIOL 107.  Visits to sewage treatment plant, pest control center, land fill, and forests will be scheduled when possible.  Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 107. Offered in the Fall Semester.
One semester; one credit.

BIOL 109. HUMAN BIOLOGY. 
A systematic study of the developmental structure and function of the human organism, including the anatomy and physiology of each organ system, and common problems that may occur in each. Genetics, evolution, and ecology are also studied. Designed for non-majors. Corequisite: BIOL 109L. Offered in Fall semester and Evening (Professional Studies) Program. 
One semester; three credits 

BIOL 109L. HUMAN BIOLOGY LABORATORY.
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 109. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 109. 
One semester; one credit

BIOL 111. PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I. 
The first half of a comprehensive study of contemporary biology, this semester covers biochemistry, cytology, energy metabolism, photosynthesis, cell division, genetics, evolution, systematics and taxonomy of viruses, prokaryotes, protists, and fungi. Includes three lectures and one discussion section per week. Prerequisite: ACT of 22 or higher.  Corequisites: BIOL 111L and CHEM 101 or higher.  Offered in both Fall and Spring semesters. 
One semester; three credits 

BIOL 111L. PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY I LABORATORY. 
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 111.  Prerequisite or corequisite: BIOL 111. 
One semester; one credit

BIOL 112. PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY II. 
Continuation of BIOL 111, this semester covers systematics and taxonomy of plants and animals, anatomy and physiology of eukaryotic organisms, embryology and development, and ecology. Includes three lectures and one discussion per week.  Prerequisite: BIOL 111 and CHEM 101 or higher. Corequisite: BIOL 112L. Offered in the Spring semester and usually in Summer Term II. 
One semester; three credits

BIOL 112L. PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY II LABORATORY. 
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 112. Prerequisite BIOL 111L.  Corequisite: and BIOL 112. 
One semester; one credit

BIOL 211. VERTEBRATE EMBRYOLOGY. 
A study of human embryology with emphasis on the fundamental development processes common to vertebrate embryos. Topics include gametogenesis, fertilization, and development of the embryo from zygote through the differentiation of the neural tube. The second half of the course is devoted to the development of selected human organ systems including the nervous system, sense organs, and the cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, and urogenital systems. Prerequisite: BIOL 111 and 112 and CHEM 113 or higher. Corequisite: BIOL 211L. Offered in the Fall semester.  Professor: Dr. Anna Ross
One semester; three credits 

BIOL 211L. VERTEBRATE EMBRYOLOGY LABORATORY. 
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 211. Histological, preserved, and selected living materials are studied to illustrate gametogenesis, fertilization, and development of the vertebrate embryo from zygote through the differentiation of organ systems in amphibian, avian, and mammalian embryos. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 211. 
One semester; one credit

BIOL 212. COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY. 
A study of the structural and functional evolution of selected organ systems in representative vertebrates. The first part of the course reviews the phylogenetic relationships among the vertebrates. In the remainder of the course, structures and their organization are interpreted in terms of their embryological development, phylogeny, and functional adaptations. Prerequisite: BIOL 111 and 112 and CHEM 113 or higher.  Corequisite: BIOL 212L. Offered in the Spring semester.   Professor: Dr. Anna Ross
One semester; three credits 

BIOL 212L. COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY LABORATORY. 
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 212. Dissection of preserved representative specimens including shark, amphibian, and cat is required. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 212. 
One semester; one credit

BIOL 216. BOTANY.
A comprehensive study of the principles of botany. Topics include a survey of the major groups of planrs, algae, and fungi, their life cycles, anatomy, metabolism, biogeography, ecology and evolution.  Prerequisites: BIOL 112 and CHEM 113 or higher. Corequisite: BIOL 216L. Offered in odd numbered Fall semesters.   Professor: Bro. Edward Salgado
One semester; three credits

BIOL 216L. BOTANY LABORATORY.
Laboratory experience to illustrate the principles of plant physiology, anatomy and ecology presented in BIOL 216. The course includes field trips and data gathering at a variety of biological communities. Prerequisites:  BIOL 112L and CHEM 113 or higher.  Corequisite: BIOL 216. 
One semester; one credit

BIOL 217. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I. 
The first half of a study of the various levels of organization of the human body. The first semester covers cells, cell metabolism, tissues and the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, sensory, and endocrine systems. Prerequisites: BIOL 111, 112, 112L, and CHEM 113 or higher.   Corequisite: BIOL 217L. Offered in the Fall semester.   Professor: Dr. Anna Ross
One semester; three credits 

BIOL 217L. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I LABORATORY.
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 217. Dissection of a preserved mammalian specimen is required.  Corequisite: BIOL 217.  One semester; one credit

BIOL 218. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II.
A continuation of BIOL 217, this semester covers the cardiovascular, immune, digestive, respiratory, urinary and reproductive systems. Students will be responsible for a nominal fee to cover the required CPR course. Prerequisites: BIOL 217 and CHEM 113. Corequisite: BIOL 218L. Offered in the Spring semester.   Professor Dr. Anna Ross
One semester; three credits 

BIOL 218L. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II LABORATORY.
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 2l8. Dissection of a preserved mammalian specimen is required. Corequisite: BIOL 218. 
One semester; one credit 

BIOL 311. GENETICS. 
A study of the structure and function of nucleic acids in viruses, prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Basic concepts, principles, and applications of classical, molecular, and population genetics. Topics in clinical, agricultural, developmental, behavioral, and immunogenetics. Prerequisites: Grade of "C" or better in BIOL 112 and CHEM 212. Corequisite: BIOL 311L.  Offered in the Fall semester.  Professor: Dr. Sandra Thompson-Jaeger
One semester; three credits 

BIOL 311L. GENETICS LABORATORY. 
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 311. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 311. 
One semester; one credit

BIOL 312. HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY. 
A study of the biochemical and biophysical mechanism underlying vertebrate, especially human, function at all levels.  Emphasis is placed on the role of membranes, nerves, and hormones in maintaining homeostasis.  Students will be required to participate in a trip to the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory for one weekend in October or November. Prerequisite: CHEM 211. Recommended: CHEM 315 and PHYS 201. Corequisite: BIOL 312L.  Offered in the Fall semester.  Professor: Dr. Malinda Fitzgerald
One semester; three credits

BIOL 312L. HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY.
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 312. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 312. 
One semester; one credit

BIOL 321.  MICROBIOLOGY.
A study of microbial biochemistry, molecular biology, morphology, physiology, metabolism, growth and growth control, taxonomy, diversity, genetics, evolution, ecology and immunology with emphasis on bacteria and viruses.  Topics in medical, veterinary, food, industrial, and environmental microbiology.  Prerequisites: Grade of "C" orbetter in BIOL 112 and CHEM 211 and Junior or Senior standing.  Corequisite: BIOL 321L.  Offered in the Spring semester.  Professor: Dr. Sandra Thompson-Jaeger
One semester; three credits

BIOL 321L.  MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY.
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 321.  Corequisite: BIOL 321.  Offered in the Spring semester.
One semester; one credit

BIOL 335. INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY. 
Taxonomy, ecology, evolution, morphology, and physiology of invertebrate phyla. 
Prerequisites: BIOL 112 and CHEM 113 or higher, and Junior or Senior status. Corequisite: BIOL 335L. Offered in even numbered Fall Semesters.  (Alternates with Parasitology.)  Professor: Dr. Stan Eisen
One semester: three credits 

BIOL 335L. INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY LABORATORY. 
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles in BIOL 335.  Students are required to participate in the Gulf Coast field trip. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 335. 
One semester: one credit 

BIOL 367. PHARMACOLOGY. 
An introduction to the structure, mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic uses and adverse reactions of prototypic agents from the major categories of drugs.  Prerequisites: CHEM 212 and either BIOL 217 and 218 or BIOL 312. Offered in odd numbered Fall semesters.  This was most recently offered as a hybrid course (some face-to-face meetings along with coursework delivered via web).  Recent Professors were: Drs. Leonard Lothstein and Trevor Sweatman (UT School of Pharmacy).
One semester; three credits

BIOL 412. ECOLOGY. 
Study of the principles of ecology. Topics to be investigated include population organization, demographics and regulation, community and ecosystem structure, coactions, abiotic factors, cycles of matter, energy flow, and characteristics of biomes. Prerequisites: BIOL 112, CHEM 113 or higher, and Junior or Senior standing. Offered in odd numbered Fall semesters.  Professor: Bro. Edward Salgado
One semester; three credits

BIOL 412L. ECOLOGY LABORATORY. 
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 412. The course includes data gathering in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and field trips to ecologically important urban sites. Students are required to participate in the Gulf Coast field trip.  Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 412.
One semester; one credit

BIOL 413. PARASITOLOGY. 
A study of the morphology, taxonomy, life cycle, distribution, economic importance and control of parasites of man and other animals. Prerequisites: BIOL 112, CHEM 113 or higher, and Junior or Senior standing. Corequisite: BIOL 413L.  (Alternates with Invertebrate Zoology.)  Offered in odd numbered Fall semesters.  Professor: Dr. Stan Eisen
One semester; three credits

BIOL 413L. PARASITOLOGY LABORATORY. 
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 413. Students conduct surveys to study the distribution of parasites and conduct long-term studies on the pathology of parasitic infection. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 413. 
One semester; one credit

BIOL 414. ANIMAL HISTOLOGY. 
A study of the microscopic and ultramicroscopic structure of vertebrate (primarily mammalian) tissues and organs, i.e., microscopic anatomy. Special emphasis is placed on the relation of structure to function. Prerequisites: BIOL 112, CHEM 113 or higher, four additional hours in Biology, and Junior or Senior standing; Corequisite: BIOL 414L.  Offered in odd numbered Spring semesters.  Professor: Dr. Anna Ross
One semester; three credits 

BIOL 414L. ANIMAL HISTOLOGY LABORATORY. 
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 414. Corequisite: BIOL 414. 
One semester; one credit 

BIOL 415. IMMUNOLOGY.
The study of antigens, antibodies, organs and cells involved in humoral and cell-mediated immunity; immunologic techniques are discussed as well as immune problems  such as autoimmunity and AIDS. Prerequisites: BIOL 112 and CHEM 212.  Recommended: BIOL 311.  Corequisite: BIOL 415L. Offered in the Fall semester.  Professor: Dr. Mary Ogilvie
One semester; three credits 

BIOL 415L. IMMUNOLOGY LABORATORY. 
Laboratory experience to illustrate and explain the principles covered in BIOL 415. Prerequisite or Corequisite: BIOL 415. 
One semester; one credit 

BIOL 421. CELL/MOLECULAR BIOLOGY. 
A study of eukaryotic cell structures and functions. Special emphasis is placed on the role that biomolecules play in cell surface interactions that lead to intracellular signalling.  The clinical and molecular nature of cancer is also discussed. Prerequisites: BIOL 112 and CHEM 212. Recommended: BIOL 311. Offered in the Spring semester.  Professor: Dr. Mary Ogilvie
One semester; three credits

BIOL 421L. CELL/MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY. 
Laboratory experiences will demonstrate the concepts covered in BIOL 421. Experiments will employ techniques such as PCR, bacterial transformation, amplification and restriction mapping of plasmid DNA, western blotting and affinity chromatography.  Corequisite: BIOL 421. 
One semester; one credit

BIOL 451. NEUROSCIENCE
This course will investigate the field of neuroscience with emphasis on the neuroanatomy of the mammalian brain.  Also contained within this course will be the study of neurophysiology and neuropharmacology using both vertebrate and invertebrate central and peripheral nervous systems.  Prerequisites: Junior or Senior standing or permission of instructor, BIOL 312 and CHEM 312 or 315.  Recommended: any course in physiology.  Corequisite: BIOL 451L. Offered in the Spring semester.  Professor: Dr. Malinda Fitzgerald
One semester; three credits 

BIOL 451L. NEUROSCIENCE LABORATORY. 
This laboratory is designed to complement the Neuroscience lecture course. Neuroanatomy will be taught at both the gross and microscopic level. Experiments and demonstrations will be used to study neurophysiology and neuropharmacology concepts. Corequisite: BIOL 451.
One semester; one credit

BIOL 461. INDEPENDENT RESEARCH I. 
Under the guidance of a faculty member, senior students design and conduct an organized research project usually requiring 100-150 in-lab hours. Course emphases include experimental design, controls, analysis of results, use of professional literature, and the writing of a draft of a journal-quality paper. Prerequisites: BIOL 275, 362, permission of the Chair or Course Director, and Senior standing.  Offered in the fall semester if needed.  Professor: Dr. Malinda Fitzgerald
One semester; one credit

BIOL 462. INDEPENDENT RESEARCH II.
A continuation of BIOL 461, the students prepare to present their results in three forms - a final paper, an oral presentation at a public forum, and a poster session on campus.  Prerequisite: BIOL 461 and Senior standing. Offered in the Spring semester.  Professor: Dr. Malinda Fitzgerald
One semester; one credit

BIOL 463. MENTORED RESEARCH I. 
Research projects are conducted under the guidance of a practicing researcher, generally off campus, but under some circumstances mentored research may be conducted at CBU.  Research is performed during the summer preceding the senior year.  Mentored research I usually requires 200-300 in-lab hours. Students are required to attend group discussions and participate in tutorial meetings or correspondence with the course director. Students normally register for Mentored Research I during one of the summer terms. Students unable to begin their research during the summer will need permission of the course director to register for Mentored Research I and II concurrently during the Fall semester. Students are required to take the ETS Biology II exam as a requirement for graduation. Prerequisites: BIOL 362, Senior standing, and permission of the instructor.  Offered in the Summer and Fall semesters.  Professor: Dr. Malinda Fitzgerald
One semester; one credit

BIOL 464. MENTORED RESEARCH II.
This course is a continuation of Mentored Research I. During this course the students will meet weekly to discuss their research results and analyze their data. Project results will be presented in a formal paper by the end of the Fall semester. Prerequisite or corequisite: BIOL 463 and BIOL 499. Offered in the Fall semester.  Professor: Dr. Malinda Fitzgerald
One semester; two credits

BIOL 465. MENTORED RESEARCH III.
During this course the students will present the results of their work in a public forum as an oral paper and in a poster session on campus.  Prerequisite: BIOL 464. Offered in the Spring semester.  Professor: Dr. Malinda Fitzgerald
One semester; two credits.

BIOL 370.  TOXICOLOGY
An introduction to the basic Principles of toxicology including investigation of the sites and modes of action of toxic agents and the factors that affect their toxicity.  This course will also examine sources, fate, and effects of environmental pollutants.  Prerequisite: BIOL 111, 112 and CHEM 212.  Offered in even numbered Spring semesters.  Professor: Dr. Katie Sauser 
One semester; three credits.